Chapter One: Introduction
Background of the Study
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are pivotal to economic development, contributing to employment, innovation, and the local economy. However, many SMEs face challenges in managing costs effectively due to limited resources, insufficient training, and inadequate accounting systems. Adopting standardized cost accounting practices can help SMEs track and manage their expenses, improve decision-making, and increase competitiveness (Horngren et al., 2012).
In Potiskum Local Government Area (LGA), SMEs play a crucial role in the local economy, but many face significant barriers to implementing formal cost accounting systems. According to Drury (2018), standardized cost accounting techniques such as standard costing and job order costing can enhance financial control and improve business operations. This study explores the challenges SMEs in Potiskum LGA face when adopting cost accounting standards, with a focus on the obstacles related to financial literacy, resource constraints, and technological limitations.
Statement of the Problem
Many SMEs in Potiskum LGA are unable to adopt standardized cost accounting practices due to several challenges, including lack of awareness, inadequate financial management skills, and limited access to technology. As a result, these SMEs struggle with inefficiencies, poor cost management, and suboptimal decision-making. This study investigates the challenges SMEs in Potiskum LGA face in adopting cost accounting standards and identifies possible solutions.
Aim and Objectives of the Study
The aim of this study is to identify the challenges SMEs in Potiskum LGA face in adopting cost accounting standards.
The objectives are:
1. To assess the level of awareness and adoption of cost accounting standards in SMEs in Potiskum LGA.
2. To identify the barriers that prevent SMEs from adopting standardized cost accounting techniques.
3. To propose strategies to overcome the challenges in implementing cost accounting standards in SMEs.
Research Questions
1. To what extent are cost accounting standards adopted by SMEs in Potiskum LGA?
2. What challenges do SMEs in Potiskum LGA face in adopting cost accounting standards?
3. What strategies can help SMEs in Potiskum LGA overcome these challenges?
Research Hypotheses
1. SMEs in Potiskum LGA have a low level of awareness of cost accounting standards.
2. Barriers such as lack of financial literacy and inadequate resources significantly hinder the adoption of cost accounting standards.
3. Strategies such as training and access to technology can help SMEs overcome challenges in adopting cost accounting standards.
Significance of the Study
This study contributes to understanding the barriers SMEs face in adopting cost accounting standards in Potiskum LGA. The findings will provide valuable insights for policymakers, financial advisors, and SME owners seeking to improve cost management practices and enhance the sustainability of SMEs (Bhimani et al., 2019).
Scope and Limitation of the Study
The study focuses on SMEs in Potiskum LGA and examines the challenges they face in adopting cost accounting standards. Limitations include potential biases in self-reported data and challenges in accessing comprehensive financial records from SMEs.
Definition of Terms
• Cost Accounting Standards: Established guidelines and principles for tracking, analyzing, and allocating costs in business operations.
• Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs): Businesses that are classified as small or medium based on their size, revenue, or number of employees.
• Potiskum Local Government Area: A region in Yobe State, Nigeria, where many SMEs operate and face challenges in adopting cost accounting practices.
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Chapter One: Introduction
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